Evaluation of Mungbean Genotypes for Phenophases and Morpho-physiological Traits during Heat and Water Stress Conditions for Optimizing Productivity

An experiment was carried out to study the effect of phenophases, morpho-physiological parameters and yield attributing traits on mungbean under different dates of sowing during summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the Research area, Department of Plant Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh). The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design replicated thrice. Treatments consisted of three sowing environments viz., Feb 12th, Feb 27th and Mar 14th and five mungbean varieties viz., PDM 139, Pusa Ratna, Pusa Vishal, Pusa 1431 and TJM 3. PDM139 (V1) had an earliest attainment of all the phenophases and registered the lowest time for reproductive period (32.00 days) as well as span of seed filling period (18.66 days) and also recorded average highest LAI (0.723), LAD (7717.48 cm2. days), CGR (0.00125 g cm2 day-1), RGR (0.03614 g g-1 day-1), SLA (391.94 cm2 g-1) and carbon sequestration (58.93 g plant-1). PDM139 (V1) outyielded (5.78 g plant-1 and 787.74 Kg ha-1) others owing higher magnitudes of physiological parameters and mechanisms reflected in maximum yield components and subsequently yield. On the other hand D2 (27th Feb.) took comparatively more time to achieve all the phenophase as compared to the former as well as average highest magnitudes of these parameters. Among sowing dates sowing carried out on 14th Mar (D3) acquired the minimum time to attain all the phenophases. Among interactions, V1D2 (PDM139 sown on 27th Feb.) took comparatively more time to attain flower initiation (26.33 days) besides a short duration of reproductive span (31.00 days) and a comparatively low magnitudes of seed filling period (18.00 days) and as well as recorded average maximum magnitudes of LAI (Leaf Area Index), LAD (Leaf Area Duration, CGR (Crop Growth Rate), RGR (Relative Growth Rate), SLA (Specific Leaf Area), SLW (Specfic Leaf Weight) and carbon sequestration. Therefore, based on above results selection of genotypes could bring out desired improvement in yield and its attributing characters of mungbean cultivars.