Biocontrol Mechanism of Arbuscular Mycorrhyzal Fungi against Plant-parasitic Nematodes: A Review

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are the major global menace to food production. Management methods based on synthetic chemicals is objectionable due to environmental and health risks. Therefore, use of biocontrol agents such as Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is environmentally friendly options for management of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN). Competition for nutrients and space, changing rhizosphere interactions, or increasing plant tolerance is the mode of action of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) against plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). Better knowledge of the mode of action of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) will help to increase the efficacy of these biocontrol agents. This review presents a general idea of different mechanisms of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-mediated biocontrol, and their possible use in reducing plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) population.