Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dust Deposition in Qalyubia Governorate Egypt: Occurrence and Diverse Impacts

The southern delta region of Egypt has serious environmental and public health issues due to heavy metal pollution (El-Askary et al. 2021). The air in Qalyubia has higher concentrations of metals including cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) due to the region's intense agricultural practices and industrial discharges. Ring road and the Banha Cairo regional route also traverse the governorate with heavy traffic. The source, distribution, and ecological effects of heavy metals in the south Nile delta region are examined in this study (El-Gamal & Saleh 2016). Dust fall sampling allows us to pinpoint important pollution hotspots. The findings show a relationship between increased levels of contaminants and being located nearby industrial sites (Halmy 2019), showing that human activity is a significant source of pollution. We also evaluate the possible hazards to human health, especially for communities (Monib et al. 2024).