The Two Kinds of Gongcheng (Engineering) in Chinese: Both on the Basic Categories, Characteristics and Framework of Philosophy of Gongcheng

From the perspective of philosophy of engineering in China, this study points out the shortcomings of the category of “Creating” and the role and advantages of the category of “Doing”. In this process, two concepts of “engineering” in the Chinese language were discovered. The research further points out that the fundamental characteristic of engineering is “Heavy result”, and the basic characteristic is planning, time limit and heterogeneity within the community. However, the accommodation of the two engineering philosophical frameworks remains to be further studied.